dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

synthetically modified

DEFINITION:

Changed artificially, not naturally.

analog

DEFINITION:

1. Something that is similar to another object. A chemical analog is a chemical substance similar to another chemical substance in structure or function (Knepper).

2. Pertaining to electronic equipment in which data are represented by electrical signals or physical magnitudes having continuously varying values.

3. Analogue.

hormone

DEFINITION:

A product of living cells that circulates in body fluids and produces a specific effect on the activity of cells remote from its point of origin; especially: one exerting a stimulatory effect on a cellular activity.

hypophysiotropic hormones - Hormones produced by the hypothalamus, usually releasing hormones (see below), which maintain the endocrine functions of cells of the adenohypophysis.

neurohormone - A hormone secreted by a specialized neuron into the bloodstream, the cerebrospinal fluid, or the intercellular spaces of the nervous system.

releasing hormones - Hormones elaborated in one structure that cause the release of hormones from another structure, such as those from the hypothalamus that act on the adenohypophysis. The term is applied to substances of established chemical identity, whereas substances of unknown chemical structure are called releasing factors .

vasopressin

DEFINITION:

1. One of two octapeptide hormones formed by the neuronal cells of the hypothalamic nuclei and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis), the other being oxytocin. It stimulates the contraction of the muscular tissue of the capillaries and arterioles, raising the blood pressure. It promotes contraction of the intestinal musculature and increases peristalsis, and also exerts some contractile influence on the uterus. It also has a specific effect on the epithelial cells of the distal portion of the uriniferous tubule, augmenting resorption of water independently of solutes, resulting in concentration of urine and dilution of blood serum. Its rate of secretion is regulated chiefly by the osmolarity of the plasma.

2. [USP], A pharmaceutical preparation of the same principle, prepared synthetically or obtained from the posterior pituitary of healthy domestic animals used for food by man; used mainly as an antidiuretic in the treatment of acute or chronic diabetes insipidus, administered intramuscularly as a test of hypothalamo-neurohypophysial-renal function in distinguishing central from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; it may also be used to stimulate smooth muscle tissue, especially to induce vasoconstriction in the presence of hemorrhage. Called also antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

VP

DEFINITION:

Abbreviation for vasopressin.

administration

DEFINITION:

1. The act of dispensing.

2. Application, as of a salve, medicine, etc.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

kilogram

DEFINITION:

The basic unit of mass of the SI system, being 1000 (10³) grams, or one cubic decimeter of water; it is defined as the mass equivalent of an international prototype kilogram and is equivalent to 2.204623 pounds avoirdupois.

body weight

DEFINITION:

Heaviness; the degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity.

microgram

DEFINITION:

A unit of mass, being one millionth (10^-6) of a gram. Symbol: µg.

infusion

DEFINITION:

1. The steeping of a substance in water to obtain its medicinal principles.

2. The product of the process of steeping a drug for extraction of its medicinal principles.

3. The therapeutic introduction of a fluid other than blood, as saline solution, into a vein.

NOTE---An infusion flows in by gravity, an injection is forced in by a syringe, an instillation is dropped in, an insufflation is blown in, and an infection slips in unnoticed.

mean

DEFINITION:

1. An average; a number that in some sense represents the central value of a set of numbers.
2. Arithmetic mean.
3. In probability and statistics, the expected value (mathematical expectation) of a random variable, the limiting value to which the sample mean converges as the sample size is increased indefinitely (if the limit exists).

arterial

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to an artery or to the arteries.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

administration

DEFINITION:

1. The act of dispensing.

2. Application, as of a salve, medicine, etc.

blood pressure

DEFINITION:

1. The pressure of blood against the walls of any blood vessel.

2. The pressure of the blood on the walls of the arteries, dependent on the energy of the heart action, the elasticity of the walls of the arteries, and the volume and viscosity of the blood. The maximum or systolic blood pressure occurs near the end of the stroke output of the left ventricle of the heart. The minimum or diastolic blood pressure occurs late in ventricular diastole. Mean blood pressure is the average of the blood pressure levels, and basic blood pressure is that during quiet rest or basal conditions. See also hypertension and hypotension.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

infusion

DEFINITION:

1. The steeping of a substance in water to obtain its medicinal principles.

2. The product of the process of steeping a drug for extraction of its medicinal principles.

3. The therapeutic introduction of a fluid other than blood, as saline solution, into a vein.

NOTE---An infusion flows in by gravity, an injection is forced in by a syringe, an instillation is dropped in, an insufflation is blown in, and an infection slips in unnoticed.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

hemorrhagic

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or characterized by hemorrhage; descriptive of any tissue into which bleeding has occurred.

disorders

DEFINITION:

Derangements or abnormalities of function; morbid physical or mental states.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

intravenously

DEFINITION:

Administered within a vein or veins.

concentrated

DEFINITION:

1. Brought to a common center; gathered together at one point.

2. Having increased the strength by diminishing the bulk of, as of a liquid; condensed.

3. A drug or other preparation that has been strengthened by the evaporation of its non-active parts.