renal collecting duct

DEFINITION:

Also known as the tubulus renalis colligens, or renal collecting tubule: That structure of the kidney consisting of the arcuate renal tubule, straight collecting tubule, and papillary duct considered together.

CD

DEFINITION:

Abbreviation for collecting duct (see JAB-632, et al.); cadaveric donor; conjugata diagonalis; curative dose; cluster designation.

physiological

DEFINITION:

1. Of or pertaining to physiology.
2. Characteristic of or appropriate to an organism's healthy or normal functioning.
3. Differing in, involving, or affecting physiological factors.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

promote

DEFINITION:

1. To advance in station, rank, or honor.

2. To contribute to the growth or prosperity of; further.

3. Launch.

reabsorption

DEFINITION:

The act or process of absorbing again, as the selective absorption by the kidneys of substances (glucose, proteins, sodium, etc.) already secreted into the renal tubules, and their return to the circulating blood.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

CD

DEFINITION:

Abbreviation for collecting duct (see JAB-632, et al.); cadaveric donor; conjugata diagonalis; curative dose; cluster designation.

water permeability

DEFINITION:

The property or state of being permeable to water.

vasopressin

DEFINITION:

1. One of two octapeptide hormones formed by the neuronal cells of the hypothalamic nuclei and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis), the other being oxytocin. It stimulates the contraction of the muscular tissue of the capillaries and arterioles, raising the blood pressure. It promotes contraction of the intestinal musculature and increases peristalsis, and also exerts some contractile influence on the uterus. It also has a specific effect on the epithelial cells of the distal portion of the uriniferous tubule, augmenting resorption of water independently of solutes, resulting in concentration of urine and dilution of blood serum. Its rate of secretion is regulated chiefly by the osmolarity of the plasma.

2. [USP], A pharmaceutical preparation of the same principle, prepared synthetically or obtained from the posterior pituitary of healthy domestic animals used for food by man; used mainly as an antidiuretic in the treatment of acute or chronic diabetes insipidus, administered intramuscularly as a test of hypothalamo-neurohypophysial-renal function in distinguishing central from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; it may also be used to stimulate smooth muscle tissue, especially to induce vasoconstriction in the presence of hemorrhage. Called also antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

AVP

DEFINITION:

Arginine vasopressin.

aquaporin-2

DEFINITION:

Also called WCH-CD, this water channel makes the principal cells of the inner medullary collecting duct in the kidneys more permeable to water. Lack of functional aquaporin-2 gene leads to a rare form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

water channel

DEFINITION:

A channel in the plasma membrane of plant and animal cells that permits passage of water molecules; chemical substances such as vasopressin cause the opening of new channels and increase permeability.

cortical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or of the nature of a cortex or bark.

CD

DEFINITION:

Abbreviation for collecting duct (see JAB-632, et al.); cadaveric donor; conjugata diagonalis; curative dose; cluster designation.

principal cells

DEFINITION:

1. The fundamental cells of an organ, which usually have a specific function.

2. The principal cells are the chief cells, i.e., the most abundant cells of the parathyroid glands, being polygonal epithelial cells with a granular cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, arranged in plates or cords, and which are rich in glycogen: the clear cells are more numerous and have relatively large nuclei and clear cytoplasm with few granules, while the dark cells are smaller with smaller and darker nuclei and finely granular cytoplasm with many granules. Intermediate forms also exist.

administration

DEFINITION:

1. The act of dispensing.

2. Application, as of a salve, medicine, etc.

physiological

DEFINITION:

1. Of or pertaining to physiology.
2. Characteristic of or appropriate to an organism's healthy or normal functioning.
3. Differing in, involving, or affecting physiological factors.

concentrations

DEFINITION:

1. Increases in strength by evaporation.

2. The ratios of the mass or volume of a solute to the mass or volume of the solution or solvent.

AVP

DEFINITION:

Arginine vasopressin.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

AQP2 expression

DEFINITION:

The process, or the regulation of the process, by which the effects of the aquaporin-2 gene are manifested.

Western blot analysis

DEFINITION:

A technique for analyzing and identifying protein antigens: the proteins are separated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, then transferred ("blotted") onto a nitrocellulose membrane or treated paper, where they bind in the same pattern as they formed in the gel. The antigen is overlaid first with antibody, then with anti - immunoglobulin or protein A labeled with a radioisotope, fluorescent dye, or enzyme. Called also Western blot technique .

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

AQP2 mRNA

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2 messenger RNA.

AVP

DEFINITION:

Arginine vasopressin.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

expression

DEFINITION:

1. The aspect or appearance of the face (or surface of a cell) as determined by the physical or emotional state.

2. The act of squeezing or evacuating by pressure; a term used in pharmacy, surgery, and obstetrics.

3. The detectable effect of a gene.

4. A representation of value, relation, or the like (e.g., ratio).

AQP2 mRNA

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2 messenger RNA.

concentration

DEFINITION:

1. Increase in strength by evaporation.

2. The ratio of the mass or volume of a solute to the mass or volume of the solution or solvent.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

antagonist

DEFINITION:

1. A muscle whose action is the direct opposite of that of another muscle.

2. A substance that tends to nullify the action of another, as a drug that binds to a cell receptor without eliciting a biological response, blocking binding of substances that could elicit such responses.

3. A tooth in one jaw that articulates with a tooth in the other jaw.

inhibition

DEFINITION:

Arrest or restraint of a process.

lysosomal

DEFINITION:

Of or pertaining to a lysosome.

AVP

DEFINITION:

Arginine vasopressin.

cells

DEFINITION:

See definitions for "cell."

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

AQP2 protein

DEFINITION:

One of a family of membrane channel proteins that serve as selective pores through which water crosses the plasma membranes of many human tissues and cell types. Aquaporin-2 protein makes the principal cells of the inner medullary collecting duct in the kidneys more permeable to water. Lack of functional aquaporin-2 gene leads to a rare form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

aldosterone

DEFINITION:

The major mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. It promotes the retention of sodium and bicarbonate, the excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions, and the secondary retention of water. Large excesses can invoke plasma volume expansion, edema, and hypertension. The secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by low plasma potassium concentration and angiotensin II.

cultured

DEFINITION:

Having induced the propagation of microorganisms or living tissue cells in media conducive to their growth.

permission

DEFINITION:

Formal consent; authorization.