quantitatively

DEFINITION:

1. In a manner denoting or expressing a quantity.
2. Relating to the proportionate quantities or to the amount of the constituents of a compound.

cellular

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to, or made up of, cells.

organelles

DEFINITION:

A specialized cellular part (as a mitochondrion, lysosome, or ribosome) that is analogous to an organ.

membrane

DEFINITION:

A thin layer of tissue which covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ.

apical membrane - Pertaining to or located at the apex.

basolateral membrane - Pertaining to the base and sides.

plasma membrane - The structure enveloping a cell, enclosing the cytoplasm, and forming a selective permeability barrier; it consists of lipids, proteins, and some carbohydrates, the lipids thought to form a bilayer in which integral proteins are embedded to varying degrees.

postsynaptic membrane - The area of plasma membrane of a postsynaptic cell, either a muscle fiber or a neuron, that is within the synapse and has areas especially adapted for receiving neurotransmitters.

presynaptic membrane - Area of the plasma membrane of a presynaptic axon that is within the synapse and has sites (active zones) especially adapted for the release of neurotransmitters.

semipermeable membrane - A membrane that permits the passage of a solvent, such as water, but prevents the passage of the dissolved substance, or solute.

inhibition

DEFINITION:

Arrest or restraint of a process.

endocytosis

DEFINITION:

The uptake by a cell of material from the environment by invagination (infolding) of its plasma membrane; it includes both phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

renal

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to the kidney.

proximal

DEFINITION:

Nearest; closer to any point of reference: opposed to distal .

convoluted

DEFINITION:

Rolled together or coiled.

endocytosis

DEFINITION:

The uptake by a cell of material from the environment by invagination (infolding) of its plasma membrane; it includes both phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

kidneys

DEFINITION:

A pair of vertebrate organs situated in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism, in man are bean-shaped organs about 4-1/2 inches long lying behind the peritoneum in a mass of fatty tissue, and consist chiefly of nephrons by which urine is secreted, collected, and discharged into a main cavity whence it is conveyed by the ureter to the bladder.

perfusion

DEFINITION:

1. The act of pouring over or through, especially the passage of a fluid through the vessels of a specific organ.
2. A liquid poured over or through an organ or tissue.

proximal

DEFINITION:

Nearest; closer to any point of reference: opposed to distal .

infused

DEFINITION:

1. The outcome of steeping a substance in water to obtain its medicinal principles.
2. The therapeutic introduction of a fluid other than blood, as saline solution, into a vein.

kidney

DEFINITION:

One of a pair of vertebrate organs situated in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism, in man are bean-shaped organs about 4-1/2 inches long lying behind the peritoneum in a mass of fatty tissue, and consist chiefly of nephrons by which urine is secreted, collected, and discharged into a main cavity whence it is conveyed by the ureter to the bladder.

proximal

DEFINITION:

Nearest; closer to any point of reference: opposed to distal .

kidneys

DEFINITION:

A pair of vertebrate organs situated in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism, in man are bean-shaped organs about 4-1/2 inches long lying behind the peritoneum in a mass of fatty tissue, and consist chiefly of nephrons by which urine is secreted, collected, and discharged into a main cavity whence it is conveyed by the ureter to the bladder.

kidney

DEFINITION:

One of a pair of vertebrate organs situated in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism, in man are bean-shaped organs about 4-1/2 inches long lying behind the peritoneum in a mass of fatty tissue, and consist chiefly of nephrons by which urine is secreted, collected, and discharged into a main cavity whence it is conveyed by the ureter to the bladder.

infused

DEFINITION:

1. The outcome of steeping a substance in water to obtain its medicinal principles.
2. The therapeutic introduction of a fluid other than blood, as saline solution, into a vein.

endocytic

DEFINITION:

Indicative of any cell inclusion.

micron

DEFINITION:

One-millionth (10^-6) of a meter; now replaced by the SI unit "micrometer" (µm). Symbol µ.

endocytic

DEFINITION:

Indicative of any cell inclusion.

micron

DEFINITION:

One-millionth (10^-6) of a meter; now replaced by the SI unit "micrometer" (µm). Symbol µ.

apical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or located at the apex.

apical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or located at the apex.

apical plasma membrane

DEFINITION:

Indicating the apex of the plasma membrane.

infused

DEFINITION:

1. The outcome of steeping a substance in water to obtain its medicinal principles.
2. The therapeutic introduction of a fluid other than blood, as saline solution, into a vein.

analysis

DEFINITION:

1. Separation into component parts or elements; the act of determining the component parts of a substance.

2. Psychoanalysis.

qualitative

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to quality.

quantitative

DEFINITION:

1. Denoting or expressing a quantity.
2. Relating to the proportionate quantities or to the amount of the constituents of a compound.

endocytic

DEFINITION:

Indicative of any cell inclusion.

lysosomes

DEFINITION:

The minute bodies seen with the electron microscope in many types of cells, containing various hydrolytic enzymes and normally involved in the process of localized intracellular digestion. Injury to a lysosome is followed by release into the cell of the enzymes, which may damage the cell and give rise to wasting and other pathologic aspects of certain diseases, as in muscular dystrophy.

mitochondria

DEFINITION:

Plural of mitochondrion . Small spherical to rod-shaped components (organelles) found in the cytoplasm of cells, enclosed in a double membrane, with an internal membrane space between the two units, the inner one infolded in the interior of the organelle as a series of projections (cristae). They are the principal sites of the generation of energy (in the form of ion gradients and adenosine triphosphate [ATP] synthesis) resulting from the oxidation of foodstuffs, and they contain the enzymes of the Krebs and fatty acid cycles and the respiratory pathway. Mitochondria also contain RNA and DNA, by means of which they can independently replicate and code for the synthesis of some of their proteins.

endocytic

DEFINITION:

Indicative of any cell inclusion.

apical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or located at the apex.

apical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or located at the apex.

apical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or located at the apex.

cytoplasm

DEFINITION:

The protoplasm of a cell exclusive of that of the nucleus; it consists of a continuous aqueous solution and the organelles and inclusions suspended in it, and is the site of most of the chemical activities of the cell.

vehicle

DEFINITION:

Excipient.

membrane

DEFINITION:

A thin layer of tissue which covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ.

apical membrane - Pertaining to or located at the apex.

basolateral membrane - Pertaining to the base and sides.

plasma membrane - The structure enveloping a cell, enclosing the cytoplasm, and forming a selective permeability barrier; it consists of lipids, proteins, and some carbohydrates, the lipids thought to form a bilayer in which integral proteins are embedded to varying degrees.

postsynaptic membrane - The area of plasma membrane of a postsynaptic cell, either a muscle fiber or a neuron, that is within the synapse and has areas especially adapted for receiving neurotransmitters.

presynaptic membrane - Area of the plasma membrane of a presynaptic axon that is within the synapse and has sites (active zones) especially adapted for the release of neurotransmitters.

semipermeable membrane - A membrane that permits the passage of a solvent, such as water, but prevents the passage of the dissolved substance, or solute.

endocytic

DEFINITION:

Indicative of any cell inclusion.

plasma membrane

DEFINITION:

The structure enveloping a cell, enclosing the cytoplasm, and forming a selective permeability barrier; it consists of lipids, proteins, and some carbohydrates, the lipids thought to form a bilayer in which integral proteins are embedded to varying degrees.

renal

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to the kidney.

endocytic

DEFINITION:

Indicative of any cell inclusion.

apical

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to or located at the apex.

endocytosis

DEFINITION:

The uptake by a cell of material from the environment by invagination (infolding) of its plasma membrane; it includes both phagocytosis and pinocytosis.