antidiuretic

DEFINITION:

1. Suppressing the rate of urine formation.

2. An agent that suppresses urine formation.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

urinary excretion

DEFINITION:

The throwing off or elimination of urine by normal discharge.

aquaporin-2

DEFINITION:

Also called WCH-CD, this water channel makes the principal cells of the inner medullary collecting duct in the kidneys more permeable to water. Lack of functional aquaporin-2 gene leads to a rare form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

index

DEFINITION:

1. The second digit of the hand, the finger adjacent to the thumb; called also forefinger , index finger , and digitus secundus manus .

2. A unitless quantity, usually a ratio of two measurable quantities having the same dimensions, or such a ratio multiplied by 100.

3. A core or mold used in dentistry to record or maintain the relative position of a tooth or teeth to one another and/or to a cast, to ensure reproduction in the dental prosthesis of their original position.

4. A directory, in particular an alphabetized list of terms, each term accompanied by page numbers or other notations telling where it appears in a given work or set of works.

5. A subscript, as in x_i, used to indicate that there is a collection of objects, one corresponding to each value of the subscript, with the sequence indexed by i. For example, the sequence x₁, x₂, x₃,...can be written x_i, i = 1, 2, 3,....

vasopressin

DEFINITION:

1. One of two octapeptide hormones formed by the neuronal cells of the hypothalamic nuclei and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis), the other being oxytocin. It stimulates the contraction of the muscular tissue of the capillaries and arterioles, raising the blood pressure. It promotes contraction of the intestinal musculature and increases peristalsis, and also exerts some contractile influence on the uterus. It also has a specific effect on the epithelial cells of the distal portion of the uriniferous tubule, augmenting resorption of water independently of solutes, resulting in concentration of urine and dilution of blood serum. Its rate of secretion is regulated chiefly by the osmolarity of the plasma.

2. [USP], A pharmaceutical preparation of the same principle, prepared synthetically or obtained from the posterior pituitary of healthy domestic animals used for food by man; used mainly as an antidiuretic in the treatment of acute or chronic diabetes insipidus, administered intramuscularly as a test of hypothalamo-neurohypophysial-renal function in distinguishing central from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; it may also be used to stimulate smooth muscle tissue, especially to induce vasoconstriction in the presence of hemorrhage. Called also antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

kidney

DEFINITION:

One of a pair of vertebrate organs situated in the body cavity near the spinal column that excrete waste products of metabolism, in man are bean-shaped organs about 4-1/2 inches long lying behind the peritoneum in a mass of fatty tissue, and consist chiefly of nephrons by which urine is secreted, collected, and discharged into a main cavity whence it is conveyed by the ureter to the bladder.

exogenous

DEFINITION:

1. Produced by growth from superficial tissue.

2. Introduced from or produced outside the organism or system; specif: not synthesized within the organism or system.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

urinary concentration

DEFINITION:

The increase in strength of urine by evaporation.

urinary

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to the urine; containing or secreting urine.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

intravenously

DEFINITION:

Administered within a vein or veins.

rate

DEFINITION:

1. The amount of change of a physical quantity or number of occurrences of an event per unit time.

2. In epidemiology and demography, the frequency of an event in a specified population; correctly applied only to fractions for which all of the cases contributing to the numerator are also counted in the denominator and for which the denominator is the entire population at risk. Rates are often multiplied by a factor to give the number of events per 1000, 10,000, or 100,000 population.

3. More generally, a term sometimes used to denote some measured quantity with respect to another. Symbol R.

central diabetes insipidus

DEFINITION:

See under diabetes insipidus.

CDI

DEFINITION:

Central diabetes insipidus.

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

DEFINITION:

A syndrome of polyuria and hyposthenuria caused by the failure of the renal tubules to reabsorb water in response to antidiuretic hormone, without disturbance in the renal filtration and solute excretion rates; the condition does not respond to exogenous vasopressin. It may be inherited as a rare X-linked trait or be acquired as a result of drug therapy or systemic disease.

NDI

DEFINITION:

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

G

DEFINITION:

As G - Symbol for "gauss," "giga-," "gravida," and "guanine" or "guanosine."

arginine vasopressin

DEFINITION:

Vasopressin containing arginine, as that from most mammals, including man.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

subcutaneously

DEFINITION:

Administered or occurring beneath the skin.

urine

DEFINITION:

The fluid excreted by the kidneys, passed through the ureters, stored in the bladder, and discharged through the urethra. Urine, in health, has an amber color, a slight acid reaction, a peculiar odor, and a bitter, saline taste.

administration

DEFINITION:

1. The act of dispensing.

2. Application, as of a salve, medicine, etc.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

urinary

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to the urine; containing or secreting urine.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

western analysis

DEFINITION:

See Western blot analysis .

urine volume

DEFINITION:

The measure of the quantity of urine, e.g., excreted from the kidneys.

free water clearance

DEFINITION:

The net amount of solute-free water moved from the blood to the urine; the difference between the urine volume and the osmolal clearance.

urine osmolality

DEFINITION:

The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution (in this case, urine) expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. The osmolality is directly proportional to the colligative properties of solutions: osmotic pressure, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and vapor pressure lowering.

administration

DEFINITION:

1. The act of dispensing.

2. Application, as of a salve, medicine, etc.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

CDI

DEFINITION:

Central diabetes insipidus.

urinary

DEFINITION:

Pertaining to the urine; containing or secreting urine.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

infusion

DEFINITION:

1. The steeping of a substance in water to obtain its medicinal principles.

2. The product of the process of steeping a drug for extraction of its medicinal principles.

3. The therapeutic introduction of a fluid other than blood, as saline solution, into a vein.

NOTE---An infusion flows in by gravity, an injection is forced in by a syringe, an instillation is dropped in, an insufflation is blown in, and an infection slips in unnoticed.

densitometry unit

DEFINITION:

A unit of measurement on a densitometer. See also densitometry.

DU

DEFINITION:

Densitometry unit.

CDI

DEFINITION:

Central diabetes insipidus.

NDI

DEFINITION:

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

dDAVP

DEFINITION:

Also DDAVP. Trademark for preparation of desmopressin.

potent

DEFINITION:

Powerful; effective.

urinary excretion

DEFINITION:

The throwing off or elimination of urine by normal discharge.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

CDI

DEFINITION:

Central diabetes insipidus.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

antidiuretic

DEFINITION:

1. Suppressing the rate of urine formation.

2. An agent that suppresses urine formation.

urinary excretion

DEFINITION:

The throwing off or elimination of urine by normal discharge.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

urinary concentration

DEFINITION:

The increase in strength of urine by evaporation.

AQP2

DEFINITION:

Aquaporin-2.

regulatory

DEFINITION:

Exerting a controlling influence.

antidiuretic

DEFINITION:

1. Suppressing the rate of urine formation.

2. An agent that suppresses urine formation.

oxytocin

DEFINITION:

1. An octapeptide, one of the major hormones made in the magnocellular hypothalamic neurons and stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, the other being vasopressin. It has uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting actions. It contributes to the second stage of labor.
2. The same oxytocic principle obtained synthetically or from the posterior pituitary of domestic animals, prepared in accordance with USP standards; it is administered intramuscularly or by intravenous infusion to induce active labor, increase the force of contractions in labor, contract uterine muscle after delivery of the placenta, control postpartum hemorrhage, and stimulate milk ejection.

permission

DEFINITION:

Formal consent; authorization.