challenge
The definitions used in this glossary of terminology either have been provided by the authors of the articles, or have been extracted wholly or in part, or paraphrased from the following sources: The American Medical Association Encyclopedia of Medicine, Charles B. Clayman, MD, Medical Editor, Random House, New York, 1989; Biotechnology from A to Z, 2d Edition, William Bains, Oxford University Press, New York, New York, 2002; A Dictionary of Genetics, 6th Edition, Robert C. King and William D. Stansfield, Oxford University Press, New York, New York, 2002; Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 29th and 30th Editions, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 2000, 2003; Genes VII, Benjamin Lewin, Oxford University Press, New York, New York, 2000; The Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders, Volumes I and II, Stacey L. Blachford, Ed., Thomson Learning, New York, New York, 2002; The Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, Massachusetts, 1997; Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3rd Edition, Bruce Alberts, et al., Garland Publishing, 1994; The Random House Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged Edition, 1966; Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, 1991.
DEFINITION:
- challenge
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1. To administer a chemical substance to a patient for observation of whether the normal physiological response occurs.
2. In immunology, to administer antigen to evoke an immunologic response in a previously sensitized individual.
3. The administration of such a chemical or antigen in order to asses for a reponse. Called also "challenge test," "provocative test," and "provocation."
4. To order to halt and prove identify.
5. To take exception to; dispute.
6. To issue an invitation to compete against one, especially in single combat; dare, defy.
7. A stimulating or interesting task or problem.
8. A summons to a duel.
9. An invitation to compete in a sport.
10. A calling into question.
11. An exception taken to a juror.
12. A sentry's command to halt and prove identify.
Used in 4 Article abstracts
Used in 4 Article abstracts