characterized
The definitions used in this glossary of terminology either have been provided by the authors of the articles, or have been extracted wholly or in part, or paraphrased from the following sources: The American Medical Association Encyclopedia of Medicine, Charles B. Clayman, MD, Medical Editor, Random House, New York, 1989; Biotechnology from A to Z, 2d Edition, William Bains, Oxford University Press, New York, New York, 2002; A Dictionary of Genetics, 6th Edition, Robert C. King and William D. Stansfield, Oxford University Press, New York, New York, 2002; Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 29th and 30th Editions, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 2000, 2003; Genes VII, Benjamin Lewin, Oxford University Press, New York, New York, 2000; The Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders, Volumes I and II, Stacey L. Blachford, Ed., Thomson Learning, New York, New York, 2002; The Merriam-Webster Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, Massachusetts, 1997; Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3rd Edition, Bruce Alberts, et al., Garland Publishing, 1994; The Random House Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged Edition, 1966; Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, 1991.
DEFINITION:
- characterized
-
Marked or distinguished as a characteristic.
Used in 63 Article abstracts
Used in 63 Article abstracts
- A Low Affinity Vasopressin V2-Receptor in Inherited Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- A Low-Affinity Vasopressin V2-Receptor Gene in a Kindred with X-Linked Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- A Novel Polymorphism in the Coding Region of the Vasopressin Type 2 Receptor Gene
- Autosomal Recessive Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Caused by an Aquaporin-2 Mutation
- C112R, W323S, N317K Mutations in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene in Patients With Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- CHIP28 Water Channels are Localized in Constitutively Water-Permeable Segments of the Nephron
- Characterization of SR 121463A, A Highly Potent and Selective, Orally Active Vasopressin V2 Receptor Antagonist
- Characterization of an Aquaporin-2 Water Channel Gene Mutation Causing Partial Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in a Mexican Family: Evidence of Increased Frequency of the Mutation in the Town of Origin
- Clinical Characteristics of Eight Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Clinical Presentation and Follow-Up of 30 Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Clinical Use of Vasopressin Analogues
- Cloning and Characterization of a Vasopressin V2 Receptor and Possible Link to Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Cloning of an Aquaporin Homologue Present in Water Channel Containing Endosomes of Toad Urinary Bladder
- Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Defective Aquaporin-2 Trafficking in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus and Correction by Chemical Chaperones
- Defective processing and trafficking of water channels in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
- Diabetes Insipidus (Robertson)
- Differential Diagnosis of Polyuria
- Diffusion in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of an Aquaporin-2 Mutant Causing Human Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Evaluation and Management of Diabetes Insipidus
- Familial Juvenile Gouty Nephropathy: Exclusion of 16p12 from the Candidate Locus
- Familial Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Report of Two Families
- Fate of Antidiuretic Hormone Water Channel Proteins after Retrieval from Apical Membrane
- Folding and Cell Surface Expression of the Vasopressin V2 Receptor: Requirement of the Intracellular C-terminus
- Functional Characterization of the Molecular Defects Causing Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in Eight Families
- Functional Studies of Twelve Mutant V2 Vasopressin Receptors Related to Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Molecular Basis of a Mild Clinical Phenotype
- Generation and Phenotype of Mice Harboring a Nonsense Mutation in the V2 Vasopressin Receptor Gene
- Identification of Mutations in the Arginine Vasopressin Receptor 2 Gene Causing Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in Chinese Patients
- Inheritance of Mutations in the V2 Receptor Gene in Thirteen Families with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Isolation of Human aquaporin-CD Gene
- Maturation of Receptor Proteins in Eukaryotic Expression Systems
- Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin Induces Vasopressin-Independent Apical Accumulation of Aquaporin-2 in the Isolated, Perfused Rat Kidney
- Molecular and Cellular Defects in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Molecular and Cellular Defects in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (Knoers, Deen)
- Mutations in the Vasopressin Type 2 Receptor Gene (AVPR2) Associated with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Mutations in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene in Families with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus and Functional Expression of the Q-2 Mutant
- Mutations in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor and Aquaporin-2 Genes in 12 Families with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus and Tethered Cord Syndrome with a Lipoma of the Cauda Equina
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. A V2 Vasopressin Receptor Unable to Stimulate Adenylyl Cyclase
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: An X Chromosome-Linked Dominant Inheritance Pattern with a Vasopressin Type 2 Receptor Gene that is Structurally Normal
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Identification of the Genetic Defect
- Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
- New Mutations in the AQP2 Gene in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Resulting in Functional but Misrouted Water Channels
- Novel Vasopressin Type 2 (AVPR2) Gene Mutations in Brazilian Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Patients
- Pharmacochaperones Post-Translationally Enhance Cell Surface Expression by Increasing Conformational Stability of Wild-Type and Mutant Vasopressin V2 Receptors
- Pharmacological Chaperones in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Possibilities for Clinical Application
- Polarized Expression of the Vasopressin V2 Receptor in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Reversed Polarized Delivery of an Aquaporin-2 Mutant Causes Dominant Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Routing of the aquaporin-2 water channel in health and disease.
- Switch from an Aquaporin to a Glycerol Channel by Two Amino Acids Substitution
- The Molecular Basis of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- The Molecular Structure of the Antidiuretic Hormone Elicited Water Channel
- The Property of a Novel V2 Receptor Mutant in a Patient with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- V2R Structure and Diabetes Insipidus
- Vasopressin Receptor Mutations and Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Vasopressin Type-2 Receptor and Aquaporin-2 Water Channel Mutants in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Water Channels Encoded by Mutant Aquaporin-2 Genes in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus are Impaired in Their Cellular Routing
- Water Permeability and Fluidity of Renal Basolateral Membranes
- Water Transport in the Kidney and Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- [Congenital Diabetes Insipidus. Recent Advances in Molecular Genetics] (French)
- [Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus] (French)
- [Hereditary Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus] (French)
- [Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus] (Japanese)
Used in 10 Article bodies
Used in 10 Article bodies
- A Novel Polymorphism in the Coding Region of the Vasopressin Type 2 Receptor Gene
- Analysis of Vasopressin Receptor Type II (V2R) Gene in Three Japanese Pedigrees with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Identification of a Family with Complete Deletion of the V2R Gene
- Hereditary Vasopressin Resistance in Man and Mouse
- Inborn Errors of Signal Transduction: Mutations in G Proteins and G Protein-coupled Receptors as a Cause of Disease
- Index of Suspicion. Case 2. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Intracranial Calcification in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Molecular Analysis of X-Linked Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Secondary to Lithium Therapy in the Postoperative Patient: A Case Report
- Proposed Cause of Marked Vasopressin Resistance in a Female with an X-Linked Recessive V2 Receptor Abnormality
- Role of Aquaporin-2 Water Channels in Urinary Concentration and Dilution Defects
Used in 75 Article translations
Used in 75 Article translations
- A Compartmental Model Predicts that Dietary Potassium Affects Lithium Dynamics in Rats
- A Congenital Defect of Water Metabolism
- A Family Case of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- A Null Mutation in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene (AVPR2) Associated with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in the Hopewell Kindred
- A Variant of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: V2 Receptor Abnormality Restricted to the Kidney
- Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Secondary to Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis and Nephrocalcinosis Associated with Sjogren's Syndrome
- Aggravation of Subclinical Diabetes Insipidus During Pregnancy
- Analysis of Vasopressin Receptor Type II (V2R) Gene in Three Japanese Pedigrees with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Identification of a Family with Complete Deletion of the V2R Gene
- Aquaporin-2 Water Channel Mutations and Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: New Variations on a Theme
- Aquaporins: From Physiology to Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Assignment of the Human Gene for the Water Channel of Renal Collecting Duct Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) to Chromosome 12 Region q12-->q13
- Brief Report: A Mutation in the Vasopressin V2-Receptor Gene in a Kindred with X-Linked Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Clinical Utility of Direct Mutation Testing for Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in Families
- Cloning, Characterization, and Chromosomal Mapping of Human Aquaporin of Collecting Duct
- Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in an Adult
- Desensitization of the Human V2 Vasopressin Receptor. Homologous Effects in the Absence of Heterologous Desensitization
- Diabetes Insipidus (Hendy, Bichet)
- Diabetes Insipidus (Robertson)
- Diabetes Insipidus [Bell]
- Discovery of Aquaporins: a Breakthrough in Research on Renal Water Transport
- Disordered Water Channel Expression and Distribution in Acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Effect of DDAVP on Nocturnal Enuresis in a Patient with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Effect of Hydrochlorothiazide and Indomethacin Treatment on Renal Function in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Epinephrine and dDAVP Administration in Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus. Evidence for a pre-cyclic AMP V2 Receptor Defective Mechanism
- Expression Studies of Two Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene Mutations, R202C and 804insG, in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Folding and Cell Surface Expression of the Vasopressin V2 Receptor: Requirement of the Intracellular C-terminus
- Functional Rescue of Mutant V2 Vasopressin Receptors Causing Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus by a Co-Expressed Receptor Polypeptide
- G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Endocrine Disease
- Genetic Renal Diseases in Children
- Heat Shock Protein 70 Interacts with Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) and Regulates Its Trafficking
- Heterogeneous AVPR2 Gene Mutations in Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Inborn Errors of Signal Transduction: Mutations in G Proteins and G Protein-coupled Receptors as a Cause of Disease
- Index of Suspicion. Case 2. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Lithium Nephrotoxicity
- Lithium-Induced Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Treated with Intravenous Ketorolac
- Lithium-induced Down regulation of Aquaporin-2 Water Channel Expression in Rat Kidney Medulla
- Lithium-induced Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Meniere's Disease in Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Report of Two Twins
- Molecular Insights into the Pathogenesis of Inherited Renal Tubular Disorders
- Mutations in the V2 Vasopressin Receptor Gene are Associated with X-linked Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Mutations in the Vasopressin Type 2 Receptor Gene (AVPR2) Associated with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Mutations in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene in Families with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus and Functional Expression of the Q-2 Mutant
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (Bichet)
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Secondary to Lithium Therapy in the Postoperative Patient: A Case Report
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus in a Lethargic Lithium-Treated Patient
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Causes Revealed
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Clinical Symptoms, Pathogenesis, Genetics and Treatment
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Identification of the Genetic Defect
- New Mutations in the AQP2 Gene in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Resulting in Functional but Misrouted Water Channels
- Normal Fibrinolytic Responses to 1-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin in Patients with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Caused by Mutations in the Aquaporin 2 Gene
- Pathophysiology of Aquaporin-2 in Water Balance Disorders
- Physiology and Pathophysiology of Aquaporins
- Polyuria and Polydipsia. Problems Associated with Patient Evaluation
- Reconstitution of Mutant V2 Vasopressin Receptors by Adenovirus-mediated Gene Transfer
- Renal Histology in a Patient with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Role of Aquaporin Water Channels in Kidney and Lung
- Rolipram, a Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, in the Treatment of Two Male Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- The Aquaporin Family of Molecular Water Channels
- The Aquaporin Family of Water Channel Proteins in Clinical Medicine
- The Aquaporin Family of Water Channels in Kidney: an Update on Physiology and Pathophysiology of Aquaporin-2
- The Hydrophobic Amino Acid Residues in the Membrane-Proximal C Tail of the G Protein-Coupled Vasopressin V2 Receptor are Necessary for Transport-Competent Receptor Folding
- The Management of Diabetes Insipidus in Adults
- The Role of Membrane Turnover in the Water Permeability Response to Antidiuretic Hormone
- Treatment of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus with Hydrochlorothiazide and Amiloride
- Two Novel Mutations in the Aquaporin-2 and the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Genes in Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Two Novel Mutations in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene in Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Two Novel Mutations in the Vasopressin V2 Receptor Gene in Unrelated Japanese Kindreds with Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Urinary Concentrating Defect in Experimental Hemochromatosis
- Vasopressin Receptors in Health and Disease
- Vasopressin Type-2 Receptor and Aquaporin-2 Water Channel Mutants in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Water Channels Encoded by Mutant Aquaporin-2 Genes in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus are Impaired in Their Cellular Routing
- Water Channels in Health and Disease
- X-linked Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: from the Ship Hopewell to RFLP Studies
- Xanthopterin-Induced Renal Dysfunction: A Reversible Model of Crystal Nephropathy
Used in 27 Proceeding abstracts
Used in 27 Proceeding abstracts
- A Novel dominant mutation of the aquaporin-2 gene resulting in partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- A mouse model for X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Bartter syndrome with sensorineural deafness: molecular genetics
- Candesartan treatment prevents dysregulation of AQP2, BSC-1 and NaPi2 in ureteral obstruction-induced NDI
- Characterization of mutant vasopressin V2 receptors with a misfolded AVP binding site
- Chemical Chaperones as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for NDI
- Clinical Data and Cell Biological Aspects of Mutations in Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Clinical analysis of eight Japanese patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Clinical and genetic approaches to the diagnosis of congenital polyuro-polydipsic syndromes
- Congenital (present a birth) severe diabetes insipidus. Most patients have nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), but some patients have autosomal recessive central (neurogenic) diabetes insipidus
- Downregulation of renal aquaporins and sodium transporters in rats with bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO) is prevented by a-MSH treatment
- Follow up of NDI patients and presentation of a case report
- Functional rescue of three vasopressin V2 receptor mutants causing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by a second site suppressor mutation
- Functional studies of twelve mutant V2 vasopressin receptors related to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: molecular basis of a mild clinical phenotype.
- Molecular mechanisms underlying dominant Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus caused by mutations in the AQP2 gene
- Mutations in the vasopressin V2 receptor and aquaporin-2 genes in twelve families with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Obstructive nephropathy -- a common acquired condition of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Pharmacological Chaperones Functionally Rescue Misfolded V2-Vasopressin Receptor Mutants that Cause Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Potential Clinical Implications
- Phenotype of aquaporin knockout mice, and AQP2 misprocessing in NDI
- Pitfalls in the Differential Diagnosis of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.
- Routing and function of mutant AQP2 water channels in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Supplementation of Receptor Fragments: An approach to Functionally Rescue Mutant V2 Vasopressin Receptors
- The last fifty years; a retrospective on NDI
- Two new Aquaporin-2 mutations responsible for Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- V2 vasopressin receptor function studied in mice and yeast
- V2 vasopressin receptor mutants responsible for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus associate with the molecular chaperones calnexin and Hsp70
- Variations in clinical phenotype associated with different mutations of the V2 receptor gene in X-linked recessive congenital nephrogenic DI (xCNDI)
Used in 5 Proceeding translations
Used in 5 Proceeding translations
- Biochemical Characterization of Partial Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) Phenotypes
- Complete deletions of the vasopressin type 2 receptor gene in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Follow up of NDI patients and presentation of a case report
- Growth in males with (well-managed) nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Pitfalls in the Differential Diagnosis of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus.
Used in 222 Term definitions
Used in 222 Term definitions
- Anthropoidea
- Apicomplexa
- B lymphocytes
- B-lymphocytes
- Bartter's syndrome
- Bence Jones protein
- Candida
- Dermatophilaceae
- Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
- Fanconi syndrome
- Fanconi's syndrome
- Liddle's syndrome
- Microspora
- Sarcomastigophora
- T lymphocytes
- acute berylliosis
- acute myelomonocytic leukemia
- additive
- alcohol dependence
- alkalosis
- alloplastic
- allotype
- allotypic
- amyloid
- amyloidosis
- anaplastic
- anemic
- anesthetics
- aplastic anemia
- arsenic polyneuropathy
- ascitic
- attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- autoimmunity
- autosomal dominant
- autosomal-dominant
- bipolar I disorder
- bipolar II disorder
- bipolar affective disorders
- bipolar disorder
- chronic active hepatitis
- chronic agressive hepatitis
- chronic berylliosis
- cirrhosis
- cirrhosis of the liver
- cirrhotic
- cohesive
- compulsive
- congenital hypoplastic anemia
- congenital pure red cell anemia
- congestive heart failure
- conscious
- consonant
- continuous capillaries
- cyclothymic disorder
- cystathioninuria
- deciduate
- deformation
- degenerates
- depression
- deviate
- deviated
- diabetes
- diabetes insipidus
- diabetes mellitus
- diaphoretic
- diarrhea
- discrete
- dysmorphic
- dysthymia
- dysthymic disorder
- dystrophic
- eburnation of dentin
- electrolytic
- endemic syphilis
- endergonic
- eosinophilic
- eosinophilic granuloma
- epididymo-orchitis
- erythrocytic
- euglobulins
- exanthematous
- exergonic
- expansive
- explosive
- exudate
- familial Mediterranean fever
- fast
- febrile
- femoral neuropathy
- fever
- fibrotic
- fluorosis
- follicular, predominantly small cleaved cell lymphoma
- gastro-enteritis
- gastroenteritis
- glycogenetic
- hemophilia
- hemorrhagic
- hemostatic
- herpes simplex
- hydrolytic
- hypernatremic
- hypernatremically
- hyperreflexia
- hyperviscosity syndrome
- hypochloremic
- hypodipsic
- hypokalemic
- hyporeflexia
- hyposthenuria
- hypotensive
- hypothyroidism
- ichthyosis
- immunodeficiency
- industrial
- infective
- inflammation
- inflammations
- inflammatory
- interstitial pneumonia
- isotype
- jaundice
- kaliuretic
- labeled
- lactase deficiency
- leprosy
- lethargic
- leukemia
- lichen myxedematosus
- life
- limb-girdle muscular dystrophy
- lipid
- lipotrophic
- liver cirrhosis
- lymphocytic
- macroglobulinemia
- macronodular
- macular
- major depressive disorder
- malaria
- malignant lymphoma
- mania
- manic phase
- marked
- megaloblastic anemia
- meiotic
- mental deficiency
- mental disorder
- mental retardation
- metal fume fever
- monocytic
- mononucleosis
- mottled enamel
- mucinosis
- multiple myeloma
- muscular dystrophy
- myotonic dystrophy
- myxedema
- nephrocalcinosis
- nephrosis
- nephrotic syndrome
- nuclide
- obsessive
- organizing pneumonia
- osteolitic
- oxytocic
- paramagnetic
- paraphilia
- pernicious anemia
- petechial
- phenylketonuria
- plasmacytic
- plasmocytic
- pluripotential
- polychromatophilic
- polycythemia vera
- porphyria
- positive
- pre-eclampsia
- proliferative
- proteolytic
- pseudoglobulins
- pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy
- pseudohypoparathyroidism
- psychosis
- psychotic
- purpura
- rational
- receptor
- rectilinear
- rheumatoid arthritis
- rodent
- sacculated
- sarcoidosis
- scleroproteins
- sclerosing nonsuppurative osteomyelitis
- secondary syphilis
- sequential
- sexual
- shock
- sine wave
- small cleaved cell lymphoma
- smallpox
- spore
- strain
- stuporous
- subnormal
- suppurative
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- tetanus
- tetraploid
- thermal
- transudate
- triploid
- tuberculosis
- type 1 diabetes mellitus
- tyrosinase-negative (ty-neg) oculocutaneous albinism
- virulent
- viscous
- vitamin K
- von Willebrand's disease



