Many of the scientific terms found in the abstracts, articles and lay translations presented on our site are included in this section. We are continually adding terminology found in both new and existing documents.
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Pectoral girdle: the encircling bony structure supporting the upper limbs, comprising the clavicles and scapulae, articulating with each other and with the sternum and vertebral column, respectively; called also cingulum membri superioris and shoulder girdle.
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Arteria hepatica communis.
A genus of thermal dimorphic Fungi Imperfecti of the form-class Hyphomycetes; species grow as mycelial forms at room temperature and as yeastlike forms at body temperature. It includes several yeasts pathogenic for humans and other animals.
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Renal artery: origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral branches, inferior suprarenal artery; distribution, kidney, suprarenal gland, ureter.
One of the genus of moths of the family Bombycidae. Bombyx mori is the silkworm moth, a species native to Asia whose larva is the commercial silkworm and which is used extensively in experimental genetics.
See loop of Henle.
Inferior suprarenal artery: origin, renal artery; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland. Called also inferior capsular artery.
A genus of gram-negative aerobic, minute coccobacilli of uncertain affiliation. It is made up of organisms that are parasites and pathogens of the respiratory tract of humans and lower animals and produce a dermonecrotic toxin.
Pyloric antrum: the dilated portion of the pyloric part of the stomach, between the body of the stomach and the pyloric canal.
Umbilical artery: origin, internal iliac artery; branches deferential, superior vesical arteries; distribution, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, testes, urinary bladder, ureter.
A usually chronic bronchiolitis with ingrowth of connective tissue from the wall of the terminal bronchi and occlusion of their lumina; it may be a complication of connective tissue disease or heart-lung transplant, and in children it may follow an acute attack of bronchiolitis or pneumonia. An acute form occurs in silo workers (silo filler's lung). Called also bronchiolitis obliterans and obliterative bronchiolitis.
Pyloric antrum: The dilated portion of the pyloric part of the stomach, between the body of the stomach and the pyloric canal.
Short posterior ciliary arteries: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, choroid coat of eye. Called also short ciliary arteries.
Bronchiolitis fibrosa obliterans.
Aperture: a term used in general anatomical nomenclature to designate an opening in the body.
Long posterior ciliary arteries: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, iris, ciliary process. Called also long ciliary arteries.
Pyloric canal: the short, narrow part of the stomach extending from the gastroduodenal junction to the pyloric antrum.
A phylum of uninucleate, parasitic tissue-dwelling protozoa characterized by the presence of an apical complex; one or more micropores are generally present at some stage of development. Flagella and cilia are absent in the adult stage; many mature apicomplexans glide by means of ultrastructural ridges and fibers on the body surface. They typically reproduce asexually by means of multiple fission, forming merozoites or schizoites, or by endodyogeny, or sexually by syngamy. It comprises two classes: Perkinsea and Sporozoea. Called also Sporozoa.
1. Articulation: any place of junction between two different parts or objects.
2. Junctura synovialis.
Ductus reuniens.
The organs and structures by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange are brought about between ambient air and the blood. See respiratory system.
External ear: the portion of the auditory organ comprising the auricle and the external acoustic meatus.
Spiral canal of cochlea: a winding tube that makes two and one-half turns about the modiolus of the cochlea; it is divided into two compartments, scala tympani and scala vestibuli, by the lamina spiralis.
Amniotic fluid.
Internal ear: The labyrinth, comprising the vestibule, cochlea, and semicircular canals; called also inner ear.
A genus of yeastlike Fungi Imperfecti of the form-family Cryptococcaceae, characterized by producing yeast cells, mycelia, pseudomycelia, and blastospores. Some species are part of the normal flora of human skin and mucous membranes but can also cause various infections. Formerly called Monilia, Mycotoruloides, and Oidium.
Aromatic water.
Middle ear: the cavity in the temporal bone comprising the cavitas tympani, adnexa mastoidea, and tuba auditiva.
Anterior ethmoidal cells: ethmoidal air cells that open into the middle nasal meatus; they are often grouped with adjacent middle and posterior ethmoidal cells and called simply ethmoidal cells or sinuses. Called also sinus ethmoidales anteriores.
Bronchial tree: the bronchi and their branching structures.
The ear; the organ of hearing.
Middle ethmoidal cells: ethmoidal air cells that open into the middle nasal meatus; they are often grouped with adjacent anterior and posterior ethmoidal sinuses and called simply ethmoidal cells. Called also sinus ethmoidales medii.
The horseradish plant, whose root yields the condiment horseradish; it can cause fatal gastroenteritis in livestock.
1. As Bacillus: A genus of bacteria of the family Bacillaceae, including large aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped cells, the great majority of which are gram-positive and motile. The genus is separated into 48 species, of which three are pathogenic, or potentially pathogenic, and the remainder are saprophytic soil forms. Many organisms historically called Bacillus are now classified in other genera. These bacteria are responsible for many diseases, including diphtheria, dysentery, tetanus, and tuberculosis.
2. As bacillus: a. An organism of the genus Bacillus. b. Any rod-shaped bacterium.
Posterior ethmoidal cells: ethmoidal air cells that open into the superior nasal meatus; they are often grouped with adjacent middle and anterior ethmoidal sinuses and called simply ethmoidal cells. Called also sinus ethmoidales posteriores.
Central artery of retina: origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, retina. Called also artery of Zinn.
Bifurcation; the site where a single structure divides into two, as in blood vessels or teeth.
Umbilical cord.
Common hepatic artery: origin, celiac trunk; branches, right gastric, gastroduodenal, hepatic proper; distribution, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, greater omentum. Called also arteria hepatica.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
Alternative for cingulum pectorale.
Hepatic artery proper: origin, common hepatic artery; branches, right and left branches; distribution, liver, gallbladder.
A species of Blastomyces endemic in the midwestern United States and adjacent parts of Canada, the etiologic agent of North American blastomycosis; its perfect (sexual) stage is Ajellomyces dermatitidis.
Pectoral girdle: the encircling bony structure supporting the upper limbs, comprising the clavicles and scapulae, articulating with each other and with the sternum and vertebral column, respectively; called also cingulum membri superioris and shoulder girdle.