Many of the scientific terms found in the abstracts, articles and lay translations presented on our site are included in this section. We are continually adding terminology found in both new and existing documents.
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1. A wish or desire often combined with determination.
2. Something desired; especially, a choice or determination of one having authority or power.
3. The act, process, or experience of willing; volition.
4. The mental powers manifested as wishing, choosing, desiring, or intending.
5. A disposition to act according to principles or ends.
6. Power of controlling one's own actions or emotions.
7. A legal document in which a person declares to whom his or her possessions are to go after death.
8. To dispose of by or as if by a will; bequeath.
9. To determine by an act of choice.
10. Used as an auxiliary verb to express (1) desire, willingness, or in negative constructions refusal, (2) customary or habitual action, (3) simple futurity, (4) capability or sufficiency, (5) determination or willfulness, (6) probability, (7) inevitability, or (8) a command.
A blue-white metal, many of whose salts are used in medicine; atomic number, 30; atomic weight, 65.37. Zinc is necessary in trace amounts in the body, and hence in the diet; it forms an essential part of many enzymes (e.g., carbonic anhydrase, important in carbon dioxide metabolism) and plays an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Deficiency in zinc is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. Excessive exposure to zinc is toxic, and can interfere with the use of copper by the body; ingestion causes gastrointestinal irritation and vomiting, and inhalation of zinc dust, generally associated with welding or other industrial exposure, causes metal fume fever. Symbol Zn.
1. A wish or desire often combined with determination.
2. Something desired; especially, a choice or determination of one having authority or power.
3. The act, process, or experience of willing; volition.
4. The mental powers manifested as wishing, choosing, desiring, or intending.
5. A disposition to act according to principles or ends.
6. Power of controlling one's own actions or emotions.
7. A legal document in which a person declares to whom his or her possessions are to go after death.
8. To dispose of by or as if by a will; bequeath.
9. To determine by an act of choice.
10. Used as an auxiliary verb to express (1) desire, willingness, or in negative constructions refusal, (2) customary or habitual action, (3) simple futurity, (4) capability or sufficiency, (5) determination or willfulness, (6) probability, (7) inevitability, or (8) a command.
Pertaining to the female sex chromosome. See X chromosome .
Processus xiphoideus.
A rapidly developing malignant mixed tumor of the kidneys, made up of embryonal elements; it usually affects children before the fifth year, but may occur in the fetus and rarely in later life. Called also embryonal adenomyosarcoma , or adenosarcoma , embryonal carcinosarcoma , or nephroma , and nephroblastoma .
Also called lyonization, X-inactivation is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated.
Processus xiphoideus: the pointed process of cartilage, supported by a core of bone, connected with the lower end of the body of the sternum. Called also ensiform , mucronate , or xiphoid cartilage ; xiphoid bone ; and xiphisternum .
The trachea.
See X-linked gene under gene.
X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
1. A long, slender, flexible structure of metal, used in surgery and dentistry.
2. To insert wires into a body structure, as into a broken bone to immobilize the fragments, or into an aneurysm to promote the formation of clots.
See under gene.
As Y - symbol for yttrium and tyrosine.
As y - symbol for ordinate.
A strain of albino rats developed at the Wistar Institute but which has spread so widely to other institutions that there is probably marked dilution of the strain.
A form of diabetes insipidus, which exists at and usually before birth and is inherited as an X-linked trait, caused by failure of the renal tubules to reabsorb water in response to antidiuretic hormone, without disturbance in the renal filtration and solute excretion rates; the condition does not respond to exogenous vasopressin.
The male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in man and in some other male-heterogametic species in which the homologue of the X chromosome has been retained.
1. Testimony.
2. One that gives evidence; especially, one who testifies in a cause or before a court.
3. One present at a transaction so as to be able to testify that it has taken place.
4. One who has personal knowledge or experience of something.
5. Something serving as evidence or proof; sign.
6. To bear witness; testify.
7. To act as legal witness of.
8. To furnish proof of; betoken.
9. To be a witness of.
10. To be the scene of.
A gene carried on the X chromosome; the corresponding trait, whether dominant or recessive, is always expressed in males, who have only one X chromosome. X linkage is used sometimes synonymously with sex linkage since no genetic disorders have as yet been associated with genes on the Y chromosome.
An imprecise term used to refer to a member of one of the two largest groupings of fungi (the other being "molds"); yeasts are single-celled, usually rounded fungi that produce by budding (blastospore formation). Some transform to a mycelial (mold) stage under certain environmental conditions, while others always remain single-celled. Many of the perfect yeasts are classified in the order Endomycetales, and many imperfect ones are classified in the form-family Moniliaceae. A few yeasts are pathogenic for humans.
Abbreviation for week.
A form of diabetes insipidus, inherited as an X-linked trait, caused by failure of the renal tubules to reabsorb water in response to antidiuretic hormone, without disturbance in the renal filtration and solute excretion rates; the condition does not respond to exogenous vasopressin.
DNA segments, containing up to 1000 kilobase pairs and having a centromere and telomere, introduced into the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; it allows the cloning and isolation of much larger DNA segments than is possible using bacterial cloning.
1. Any of the soft-bodied, naked, elongated invertebrates of the phyla Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Acanthocephala, and Aschelminthes.
2. Vermis.
A form of diabetes insipidus, inherited as an X-linked trait, caused by failure of the renal tubules to reabsorb water in response to antidiuretic hormone, without disturbance in the renal filtration and solute excretion rates; the condition does not respond to exogenous vasopressin.
1. The stored nutrient of an egg or ovum.
2. Crude wool fat or suint.
An injury or damage, usually restricted to those caused by physical means with disruption of normal continuity of structures.
To examine, treat, or photograph with X rays. X ray:
1. Any of the electromagnetic radiations of the same nature as visible radiation but of an extremely short wavelength less than 100 angstroms that is produced by bombarding a metallic target with fast electrons in vacuum or by transition of atoms to lower energy states and that has the properties of ionizing a gas upon passage through it, of penetrating various thicknesses of all solids, of producing secondary radiations by impinging on material bodies, of acting on photographic films and plates as light does, and of causing fluorescent screens to emit light.
2. A photograph obtained by
use of X rays.
The extraembryonic membrane that connects with the midgut; at the end of the fourth week of development it expands into the pear-shaped umbilical vesicle connected to the body of the embryo by the long narrow yolk stalk. In marsupial and placental mammals, it produces a complete vitelline circulation in the early embryo and then undergoes regression; in oviparous vertebrates, it encloses the yolk mass, breaks down yolk, and makes it available to the developing organism. In human embryos it does not serve a primary nutritive function, but it is the first hematopoietic organ of the embryo. Called also vitelline sac .
Abbreviation for weight or wild type .
A glass vacuum bulb containing two electrodes. Electrons are obtained either from gas in the tube or from a heated cathode. When suitable potential is applied, electrons travel at high velocity from cathode to anode, where they are suddenly arrested, giving rise to x-rays.
The narrow tube connecting the yolk sac (umbilical vesicle) with the midgut of the early embryo, which becomes partly incorporated into the embryo and usually undergoes complete obliteration, but occasionally persists in the embryo, and, rarely, is found in the adult as a diverticulum from the small intestine ( ileal or Meckel's diverticulum ). Called also omphalomesenteric duct , umbilical duct , and vitelline duct .
Wild-type AQP2.
Abbreviation for Xenopus egg extract (See JAB-617).
A very rare metal, allied to cerium; symbol Y; atomic number, 39; atomic weight, 88.905.
Symbol for Kienbock unit and xanthine or xanthosine . See also exposure , definition 3.
A developing egg cell of an amphibian.
Eager and ardent interest in the pursuit of something; fervor.
The female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in man and other male-heterogametic species.
Processus xiphoideus.
1. The point on a thermometer scale at which the graduation begins; the ice point on the Celsius and Réaumur scales and 32° below the ice point on the Fahrenheit.
2. The lowest point.
3. The numerical symbol 0.
4. The number represented by the symbol 0.
5. Having no magnitude or quantity.
6. Absent; lacking.
Lyonization.
1. Shaped like a sword; ensiform.
2. Pertaining to the processus xiphoideus.
3. Processus xiphoideus.
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy.
In genetics, the association of genes having loci on the same chromosome (the X chromosome).
Processus xiphoideus.
A blue-white metal, many of whose salts are used in medicine; atomic number, 30; atomic weight, 65.37. Zinc is necessary in trace amounts in the body, and hence in the diet; it forms an essential part of many enzymes (e.g., carbonic anhydrase, important in carbon dioxide metabolism) and plays an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Deficiency in zinc is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. Excessive exposure to zinc is toxic, and can interfere with the use of copper by the body; ingestion causes gastrointestinal irritation and vomiting, and inhalation of zinc dust, generally associated with welding or other industrial exposure, causes metal fume fever. Symbol Zn.